Saturday, 21 April 2012

Human Opinion


The internet: saving lives or encouraging hypochondriacs?

We’ve all done it. Had an ache, pain or health grumble and headed to Google. With endless internet pages telling us about every medical condition known to man, the question is – is this giving people information that could save their lives or egging on the hypochondriacs among us?

The place to go with a 
health question?
I think one of the best things to hit the internet is NHS choices. Informative and factual, this website is reliable and allows us   to understand health problems, their causes, symptoms and treatments. This also encourages people with minor ailments such as the common cold not to visit their doctor and cuts down the increasing number of time wasters draining the NHS of funds and resources needed to treat people who are   actually ill. The cold is a virus and there is nothing a doctor   can do but to tell you to rest and keep hydrated – exactly what the NHS choices website tells you. This website doesn’t just stop people going to the doctors unnecessarily, but encourages us to see the GP at times when we really should get something checked out – in some cases for things we may otherwise have put off going to the doctor for.  Here, I say clever internet.

But this is just one website. If you Google a cough, the snippet of writing under the third website down shows “coughing is a common reflex, which can indicate other more serious problems”. Now, from a distant view this is a reasonable sentence. On the other hand, if you are concerned about a cough, which is generally why you search it on the internet, you are undoubtedly going to glaze over the words ‘common reflex’ and immediately focus on the two words ‘serious problems’. Although a website may say your problem is most likely nothing but rarely it could be cancer, as soon as the ‘C word’ is mentioned that’s all that’s needed to set off the angst in most of us.

I don't think this definition
made it into the Oxford
 English Dictionary...
And some websites aren’t even as balanced as the above, giving truly misleading and inaccurate information, suggesting old wives tails that just don’t work, and can give some dangerous advice. Reliability is a crucial flaw of the internet. Pages like Wikipedia (which I think is a great concept to spread knowledge, as any students will agree) can be detrimental when it comes to medical issues, as anyone can change the information written. And unfortunately the fact that anyone can write on the internet means that there will always be websites exploiting people’s fears for money. I personally am one to Google any health queries and often find scare mongering websites. Funnily enough, many of these websites seem to endorse certain products, magic creams and potions which can cure your pain…all for the small cost of...you get the idea.  Money makes the world go round and inspiring fear is an easy way to make some sales.

As with anything in life, this issue isn’t black and white, this is a typical grey area with both pros and cons. However, if I had to sit on one side of the www. Fence, I would have to side with the fact that the internet is a scare mongering, inaccurate, money making source of knowledge when it comes to health. I say if you're truly concerned, head to the doctor before heading to Google.

Disagree with me? Have a human opinion to share? Tell me why by commenting here on the blog, or go to my facebook page http://www.facebook.com/HumanInterests , or tweet your opinion @Human_Interests.

Sunday, 15 April 2012

This won't hurt a bit...

Vaccinations. We’ve all had them. We’ve all had those terrifying moments queuing up for the school nurse waiting to be stabbed with a needle the bigger kids tell you is the size of a permanent marker. And there was always one kid who screamed the place down, which is something nobody wants to hear when they’re up next. But despite the momentary ouch, they really are amazing things.

Vaccines give people immunity to a particular disease, by causing the production of antibodies – clever proteins that identify these bad bacteria and vile viruses. If we then come into contact with the same nasty bacteria/virus, our immune systems can recognise them and produce the specific antibodies needed to fight them immediately. This is called active immunity and stops our bodies being affected by the same pathogen again. We now have a huge number of vaccines available to us which protect against diseases ranging from rabies to chickenpox.

So what is in a vaccine? Vaccines are made up of suspensions of killed or weakened microorganisms.  These pathogenic microorganisms can be grown in vast numbers and a less dangerous strain selected. Alternatively the part of the pathogen which causes the immune response can be extracted and used in the vaccine. Another method is to inactivate any toxins the pathogen produces to make it harmless, whilst still having the properties to cause the production of antibodies in the body. By exposing ourselves to the weakened pathogen, our bodies will have the antibodies ready for a fast response to fight against it without actually contracting the disease.

For the needle-phobic amongst us, you will be glad to hear not all vaccines are given by injection, some are given orally, or even as a nasal spray. Interestingly, newborn babies have immunity to diseases such as measles, mumps and rubella, as antibodies from their mothers can pass to them via the placenta. This is passive immunity and only lasts up to a year, hence the MMR jab is given to children at 1 year of age.

On the subject of MMR, this little vaccine as caused huge controversy. There has been mass attention to this vaccine in recent years due to the suggestion that the MMR jab causes autism in children. However, mass epidemiological studies, followed by more recent smaller studies looking at individual children have found no link between MMR and autism.  Despite this evidence, the controversy still lies with some parents arguing they noticed changes in their children following the jab.



This subsequent publicity over this controversy from the scare-mongering media has caused the rate of MMR vaccinations to decline in recent years, with only 60% of children receiving the MMR jab in some areas of the UK. This decline has already caused a rise in the number of measles infections, with fears of an epidemic outbreak.  Measles is highly infectious and if vaccination rates fall, measles will quickly spread again. On the other hand, if 95% of children were protected by the MMR jab, it is possible for all three diseases to be eliminated completely. Funnily enough, the Daily Mail doesn’t tell you that bit.

A great example of the success of vaccines is the elimination of smallpox. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that 15million people contracted smallpox in 1967 and two million died as a consequence. However, after intense vaccination campaigns, by 1979 smallpox became the first infectious disease to be completely eradicated.  Furthermore it was only last year that rinderpest, a disease affecting cattle, became the second viral disease to be eradicated by humans. Now there’s a mankind-win.

http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Vaccines.aspx